Processing parameters in laser powder bed fusion metal additive manufacturing

As metallic additive manufacturing grew in sophistication, users have requested greater control over the systems, namely the ability to fully change the process parameters. The goal of this manuscript is to review the effects of major process parameters on build quality (porosity, residual stress, and composition changes) and materials properties (microstructure and microsegregation), and to serve as a guide on how these parameters may be modified to achieve specific design goals for a given part. The focus of this paper is on laser powder bed fusion, but elements can be applied to electron beam powder bed fusion or direct energy deposition techniques.