The production of biobased diamines from renewable carbon sources: Current advances and perspectives

Bio-based diamines are considered to be a promising alternative to traditional fossil-fuel-based diamines, the important platform chemical for the synthesis of polymer materials. In this review, the current status of the art of the synthesis of aliphatic and aromatic diamines from renewable biomass are considered. In the case of aliphatic diamines, we describe strategies for biologically producing diamines with different carbon numbers including 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-butanediamine, 1,5-pentanediamine, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,10-diaminodecane, and 1,12-diaminododecane. In addition, aromatic diamines produced from various kinds of renewable biomass, including lignin, cashew nut shell, and terpenoids, are reviewed here. Furthermore, the application of typical diamines in synthesis of polyurethane and polyamide are also reviewed.