皂甙
海参
硫酸化
化学
毒性
急性毒性
生物化学
传统医学
生物
生态学
有机化学
医学
病理
替代医学
作者
Philippe Savarino,Emmanuel Colson,Guillaume Caulier,Igor Eeckhaut,Patrick Flammang,Pascal Gerbaux
出处
期刊:Molecules
[MDPI AG]
日期:2022-01-15
卷期号:27 (2): 537-537
被引量:8
标识
DOI:10.3390/molecules27020537
摘要
Saponins are plant and marine animal specific metabolites that are commonly considered as molecular vectors for chemical defenses against unicellular and pluricellular organisms. Their toxicity is attributed to their membranolytic properties. Modifying the molecular structures of saponins by quantitative and selective chemical reactions is increasingly considered to tune the biological properties of these molecules (i) to prepare congeners with specific activities for biomedical applications and (ii) to afford experimental data related to their structure-activity relationship. In the present study, we focused on the sulfated saponins contained in the viscera of Holothuria scabra, a sea cucumber present in the Indian Ocean and abundantly consumed on the Asian food market. Using mass spectrometry, we first qualitatively and quantitatively assessed the saponin content within the viscera of H. scabra. We detected 26 sulfated saponins presenting 5 different elemental compositions. Microwave activation under alkaline conditions in aqueous solutions was developed and optimized to quantitatively and specifically induce the desulfation of the natural saponins, by a specific loss of H2SO4. By comparing the hemolytic activities of the natural and desulfated extracts, we clearly identified the sulfate function as highly responsible for the saponin toxicity.
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