永久冻土
反照率(炼金术)
高原(数学)
环境科学
能源预算
降水
大气科学
含水量
热流密度
表层
显热
表面能
能量平衡
潜热
水文学(农业)
气候学
地质学
焊剂(冶金)
雪
传热
气象学
地理
地貌学
化学
生态学
图层(电子)
数学
海洋学
表演艺术
艺术史
岩土工程
有机化学
物理化学
艺术
数学分析
生物
热力学
物理
作者
Junjie Ma,Ren Li,Hongchao Liu,Zhongwei Huang,Tonghua Wu,Guojie Hu,Yao Xiao,Lin Zhao,Yizhen Du,Shengli Yang
标识
DOI:10.1007/s00376-021-1066-2
摘要
The surface energy budget is closely related to freeze-thaw processes and is also a key issue for land surface process research in permafrost regions. In this study, in situ data collected from 2005 to 2015 at the Tanggula site were used to analyze surface energy regimes, the interaction between surface energy budget and freeze-thaw processes. The results confirmed that surface energy flux in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau exhibited obvious seasonal variations. Annual average net radiation (Rn) for 2010 was 86.5 W m−2, with the largest being in July and smallest in November. Surface soil heat flux (G0) was positive during warm seasons but negative in cold seasons with annual average value of 2.7 W m−2. Variations in Rn and G0 were closely related to freeze-thaw processes. Sensible heat flux (H) was the main energy budget component during cold seasons, whereas latent heat flux (LE) dominated surface energy distribution in warm seasons. Freeze-thaw processes, snow cover, precipitation, and surface conditions were important influence factors for surface energy flux. Albedo was strongly dependent on soil moisture content and ground surface state, increasing significantly when land surface was covered with deep snow, and exhibited negative correlation with surface soil moisture content. Energy variation was significantly related to active layer thaw depth. Soil heat balance coefficient K was > 1 during the investigation time period, indicating the permafrost in the Tanggula area tended to degrade.
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