群体行为
可控性
磁场
癌细胞
旋转磁场
计算机科学
物理
生物系统
纳米技术
生物
材料科学
癌症
人工智能
数学
量子力学
应用数学
遗传学
作者
Yajing Shen,Wei Zhang,Gang Li,Peng Ning,Zhenguang Li,Haotian Chen,Xueyan Wei,Xin Pan,Yao Qin,Bin He,Zuoren Yu,Yu Cheng
出处
期刊:ACS Nano
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2021-11-22
卷期号:15 (12): 20020-20031
被引量:32
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.1c07615
摘要
Magnetic nanomotors (MNMs), powered by a magnetic field, are ideal platforms to achieve versatile biomedical applications in a collective and spatiotemporal fashion. Although the programmable swarm of MNMs that mimics the highly ordered behaviors of living creatures has been extensively studied at the microscale, it is of vital importance to manipulate MNM swarms at the nanoscale for on-demand tasks at the cellular level. In this work, a Cy5-tagged caspase-3-specific peptide-modified MNM is designed, and the adaptive control behaviors of MNM swarms are revealed in lysosomes to induce the cancer cell apoptosis under a rotating magnetic field (RMF). A magneto-programmed vortex is predicted to occur with swarms under RMF by the finite element method model and verified in vitro. According to the dynamic model and numerical simulation, the critical rotating frequency under which MNMs are out of step is strongly correlated to their assembling and swarming properties. The adaptivity of swarms maximizes the synchronous rotation to achieve an optimal energy conversion rate. The frequency-adapted controllability of MNM swarms for cancer cell apoptosis is observed in real time in vitro and in vivo. This work provides theoretical and experimental insights to adaptively control MNM swarms for cancer treatment.
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