Construction of β-Cyclodextrin-phosphomolybdate grafted polypyrrole composite: Application as a disposable electrochemical sensor for detection of propylparaben

• A disposable and easily-prepared modified pencil graphite electrode for detection of propylparaben as an endocrine disruptor model is introduced. • The POM is functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as a new dopant by self-assembly “inclusion complex”. • A single step electropolymerization strategy has been employed for synthesis of β-cyclodextrin-phosphomolybdate grafted polypyrrole on the electrode substrate. • The proposed cost-effective sensor shows a wide linear concentration range with low detection limit. Herein, a newly introduced electrochemical sensor based on polypyrrole (PPy) grafted by the organic–inorganic β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD)-phosphomolybdate (PMo 12 ) composite is reported for detection of propylparaben (PP). The host–guest chemistry was utilized to synthesize the macromolecular self-assembly of β-CD-PMo 12 that was subsequently verified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and used as a kind of dopant for electropolymerization of pyrrole (Py) on a pencil graphite electrode (PGE). The morphology and the physical properties of the electrodeposited film were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Overoxidation of the electropolymerized film was necessary for conditioning the modified electrode to detect PP. Following the optimization of the important influential parameters on the sensor response towards PP, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to construct the concentration calibration curve. The designed sensor demonstrated two linear responses within the ranges of 0.2 µM to 10 µM and 10 µM to 100 µM with limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.04 μM and 0.1 μM based on 3s b /m and 10s b /m criteria, respectively. The real analytical applicability of the proposed sensor was examined through the determination of PP in a commercial cleansing micellar solution, which showed acceptable recoveries and favorable performance.