磺胺
磺胺甲恶唑
甲氧苄啶
抗生素
磺胺嘧啶
环境化学
化学
毒理
环境科学
生物
生物化学
立体化学
作者
Lan Jin,Lei Jiang,Qi Han,Jia-Yi Xue,Hui Ye,Guo-Min Cao,Kuangfei Lin,Changzheng Cui
出处
期刊:PubMed
日期:2016-07-08
卷期号:37 (7): 2515-2521
被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.07.013
摘要
Trace levels of residual antibiotics in drinking water sources may threaten public health and becomes a serious issue in modern society. Occurrence and distribution of 13 sulfonamides antibiotics in a drinking water source in East China were investigated using solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results revealed that all 13 sulfonamides were detected with the total concentrations ranging from 10.5 ng·L-1 to 238.5 ng·L-1. Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and sulfonamide (SAM) presented the 100% detected frequency, and the maximum concentrations reached 107.0 ng·L-1 and 43.1 ng·L-1, respectively. Sulfonamides contamination levels in the inlet were relatively higher than those in the outlet. The concentration of SMX was substantially unchanged in different positions of drinking water source. Seasonal variation of sulfonamide concentration showed that the concentrations were higher in winter and spring compared with those in summer and autumn. The range of total sulfonamides concentration detected in winter and spring was from 110.8 ng·L-1 to 117.9 ng·L-1, which was 3.6-3.8 times higher than those in summer and autumn. Human health risk characterization of residual sulfonamides in drinking water source was based on the assessment of risk quotients (RQs) for which different life stages were taken into account. The results showed that no sulfonamides had a RQs higher than 1. Trimethoprim (TMP) was the most risky antibiotic to the 0-3 months old infants with RQs reaching 0.001. Although the sulfonamides detected in the drinking water source do not pose any risk to the peoples' health, the implication of long-time exposure and comprehensive risk still deserve attention.
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