膀胱癌
肿瘤微环境
癌症研究
医学
癌症
巨噬细胞
免疫系统
转移
免疫疗法
癌细胞
免疫学
肿瘤进展
肿瘤相关巨噬细胞
生物
内科学
体外
生物化学
作者
Laleh Sharifi,Mohammad Reza Nowroozi,Erfan Amini,Masoumeh Kourosh-Arami,Mohsen Ayati,Monireh Mohsenzadegan
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105880
摘要
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) which are often referred to as immunosuppressive cells (M2 macrophage), constitute a subset of tumor microenvironment cells and affect tumor progression in solid tumors. Recently, these cells have gained remarkable importance as therapeutic candidates for solid tumors. In bladder cancer, major studies have focused on evaluating TAMs in response to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy. M2 macrophages may directly impact the BCG-induced immune responses against tumor in bladder cancer. They are the main inhibitors of the tumor microenvironment that promotes growth and metastasis of the tumor. However, the clinical significance of M2 macrophages in bladder cancer is controversial. In this review, we will discuss the clinical significance of M2 macrophages in prognosis of bladder cancer as well as worth of their potential targeting in bladder cancer treatment. In the following, we will introduce important factors resulting in M2 macrophage promotion and also experimental therapeutic agents that may cause the inhibition of bladder cancer tumor growth.
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