Measurement and analysis of transport noise and vibration: A review of techniques, case studies, and future directions

This review article provides a detailed overview of the measurement and analysis requirements for transport noise and vibration. It highlights the recommended measurement parameters as per the international standards, including ISO 1996–2:2016, ANSI S12.9–2014, and AS/NZS 2107:2016. The article discusses various techniques for measuring transport noise and vibration, such as sound level meters, vibration meters, and noise mapping, as well as advanced analysis techniques like frequency analysis, statistical analysis, and signal processing. Additionally, it summarizes the measurement requirements outlined in several guidelines and standards, including the Environmental Noise Directive, FTA Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment, US EPA, Ontario Ministry of Environment, AS/NZS 2107:2016, and Japan Ministry of Environment. The article also compares a number of noise prediction models, including the CoRTN model, RLS 90 model, ASJ RTN-Model 2008, Harmonoise model, Son Road model, Nord 2000 model, NMPB-Routes-2008 model, and CNOSSOS-EU model. The review also highlights experimental and numerical studies in this field and discusses the effects of noise and vibration on human health. The article concludes with a discussion of the shortcomings of existing research and possible future research directions. Overall, this review article offers a comprehensive guide for researchers and professionals working on the measurement and analysis of vibration and noise in transportation.