The evaluation and molecular mechanisms of hepatotoxicity induced by trans-emodin dianthrones isolated from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. in vitro

Trans-emodin dianthrones exhibited significant hepatotoxicity at the level of HepG2 cells, and its mechanism is related to inhibiting the antioxidant system, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and inducing apoptosis induced by JNK/Bax and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways.