自闭症
心理学
自闭症特征
临床心理学
心理健康
发展心理学
精神科
自闭症谱系障碍
作者
Wikke J. van der Putten,A.J.J. Mol,Annabeth P. Groenman,Tulsi Radhoe,Carolien Torenvliet,Joost A. Agelink van Rentergem,Hilde M. Geurts
摘要
Abstract Camouflaging (using (un)conscious strategies to appear as non‐autistic) is thought to be an important reason for late autism diagnoses and mental health difficulties. However, it is unclear whether only autistic people camouflage or whether people with other neurodevelopmental or mental health conditions also use similar camouflaging strategies. Therefore, in this preregistered study (AsPredicted: #41811) study, we investigated if adults with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity‐disorder (ADHD) also camouflage. Adults aged 30–90 years filled in the Dutch Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT‐Q‐NL), the ADHD Self‐Report (ADHD‐SR) and the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). We investigated differences in camouflaging between adults with ADHD, autism, and a comparison group in an age and sex‐matched subsample ( N = 105 per group). We explored if autism and ADHD traits explained camouflaging levels in adults with an autism and/or ADHD diagnosis ( N = 477). Adults with ADHD scored higher on total camouflaging and assimilation subscale compared to the comparison group. However, adults with ADHD scored lower on total camouflaging, and subscales compensation and assimilation than autistic adults. Autism traits, but not ADHD traits, were a significant predictor of camouflaging, independent of diagnosis. Thus, camouflaging does not seem to be unique to autistic adults, since adults with ADHD also show camouflaging behavior, even though not as much as autistic adults. However, as the CAT‐Q‐NL specifically measures camouflaging of autistic traits it is important to develop more general measures of camouflaging, to compare camouflaging more reliably in people with different mental health conditions. Furthermore, focusing on camouflaging in adults with ADHD, including potential consequences for late diagnoses and mental health seems a promising future research avenue.
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