Microwave-assisted synthesis of Zr-based metal–organic frameworks and metal-organic cages

Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) and metal-organic cages(MOCs) are stable porous materials based on strong Zr-O bonds accompanied by intrinsic porosity, structural diversity and multi-functionality. Microwave-assisted synthesis is a kind of heating technique that uses microwave radiation to accelerate chemical reactions and has been widely used in material synthesis. Compared with conventional preparation methods for Zr-MOFs and Zr-MOCs, microwave-assisted synthesis can provide shorter synthesis times, faster heating rates, uniform heating, and higher phase purity and yields. This paper reviews the research progress of microwave-assisted synthesis of Zr-MOFs and Zr-MOCs materials, offers new ideas for their mass production and describes their applications in a variety of fields.