表观遗传学
生物
癌变
癌症研究
表观遗传疗法
溴尿嘧啶
脑瘤
癌症
增强子
转录因子
基因
DNA甲基化
生物信息学
基因表达
医学
遗传学
病理
作者
Hai-Hui Zhuang,Qiang Qu,Xin-Qi Teng,Ying-Huan Dai,Jian Qu
标识
DOI:10.1038/s12276-023-00934-0
摘要
Abstract Transcriptional deregulation, a cancer cell hallmark, is driven by epigenetic abnormalities in the majority of brain tumors, including adult glioblastoma and pediatric brain tumors. Epigenetic abnormalities can activate epigenetic regulatory elements to regulate the expression of oncogenes. Superenhancers (SEs), identified as novel epigenetic regulatory elements, are clusters of enhancers with cell-type specificity that can drive the aberrant transcription of oncogenes and promote tumor initiation and progression. As gene regulators, SEs are involved in tumorigenesis in a variety of tumors, including brain tumors. SEs are susceptible to inhibition by their key components, such as bromodomain protein 4 and cyclin-dependent kinase 7, providing new opportunities for antitumor therapy. In this review, we summarized the characteristics and identification, unique organizational structures, and activation mechanisms of SEs in tumors, as well as the clinical applications related to SEs in tumor therapy and prognostication. Based on a review of the literature, we discussed the relationship between SEs and different brain tumors and potential therapeutic targets, focusing on glioblastoma.
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