Review of cinacalcet hydrochloride in the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism

Cinacalcet is the first Food and Drug Administration-approved calcimimetic for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients. It is effective in improving control of parathyroid hormone, serum calcium, phosphorus, and calcium-phosphorus product. The calcium-lowering effect of cinacalcet overcomes the limitations of standard therapy associated hypercalcemia. There is evidence to suggest that cinacalcet has important clinical implications, which extend beyond its relevance in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism. This review summarizes the evidence regarding the role of cinacalcet in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism, disrupted bone mineral metabolism, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. In addition, the cost implications of cinacalcet are briefly explored.