Microwave‐ and Ultrasound‐Assisted Synthesis ofMetal‐OrganicFrameworks (MOF) and Covalent Organic Frameworks (COF)

Microwave- and ultrasound-assisted synthesis techniques have emerged as a promising approach for the rapid and efficient preparation of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs). This approach has shown numerous advantages over conventional synthesis methods, including shorter reaction times, higher yields, and greater purity of products. In this chapter, we will provide a complete outline of the recent developments in microwave- and ultrasound-assisted techniques of MOF and COF synthesis. We discuss the fundamental principles and the synthesis mechanisms of microwave- and ultrasound-assisted synthesis, and the key factors that influence the formation of these materials. Moreover, we highlight the applications of MOFs and COFs in various fields, such as energy storage and conversion, catalysis, CO 2 capture, and sensing. Finally, we provide an outlook on the future prospects of microwave- and ultrasound-assisted synthesis of MOFs and COFs as well as the challenges and opportunities.