Distinct Immune Homeostasis Remodeling Patterns after HLA-matched and Haploidentical Transplantation

Abstract The immune system remodels from the donor to the recipient during allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, little is known about the cell profile alterations as donor homeostasis is rebalanced recipient homeostasis following HSCT. We dissected the dynamics of the rebalanced homeostatic immune system in recipients received HLA-matched and haploidentical HSCT. All immune subpopulations observed in donors were successfully restored in recipients with varying levels of abundance. The remodeling of immune homeostasis exhibited different patterns in HLA-matched and haploidentical HSCT, highlighting distinct biases in T cell reconstitution from the central and peripheral pathways. Furthermore, ZNF683 is critical for maintaining the persistence and quiescence of CD8 T-cell in haploidentical HSCT. Our research could serve as a foundation for developing novel strategies to induce immune tolerance.