甲烷氧化偶联
选择性
催化作用
氧气
电负性
甲烷
吸附
化学
一氧化碳
光化学
物理化学
无机化学
有机化学
作者
Anna Zanina,Vita A. Kondratenko,Henrik Lund,Jianshu Li,Juan Chen,Yuming Li,Guiyuan Jiang,Evgenii V. Kondratenko
出处
期刊:ACS Catalysis
日期:2022-11-30
卷期号:12 (24): 15361-15372
被引量:10
标识
DOI:10.1021/acscatal.2c04916
摘要
MnOx–Na2WO4/SiO2 is one of the best-performing catalysts in the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) to C2 hydrocarbons (C2H6 and C2H4). The current mechanistic concepts related to the selectivity to the desired products are based on the involvement of crystalline Mn-containing phases, the molten Na2WO4 phase, surface Na–WOx species, and the associated lattice oxygen. Using in situ X-ray diffraction, operando UV–vis spectroscopy, spatially resolved kinetic analysis of product formation in steady-state OCM tests, and temporal analysis of products with isotopic tracers, we show that these phases/species are not categorically required to ensure high selectivity to the desired products. M2WO4/SiO2 (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) materials were established to perform similarly to MnOx–Na2WO4/SiO2 in terms of selectivity–conversion relationships. The unique role of the molten Na2WO4 phase could not be confirmed in this regard. Our alternative concept is that the activity of M2WO4/SiO2 and product selectivity are determined by the interplay between the lattice oxygen of M2WO4 and adsorbed oxygen species formed from gas-phase O2. This lattice oxygen cannot convert CH4 to C2H6 but oxidizes CH4 exclusively to CO and CO2. Adsorbed monoatomic oxygen species reveal significantly higher reactivity toward overall CH4 conversion and efficiently generate CH3 radicals from CH4. These reactive intermediates couple to C2H6 in the gas phase and are oxidized, to a lesser extent, by the lattice oxygen of M2WO4 to CO and CO2. Adsorbed diatomic oxygen is involved in the direct CH4 oxidation to CO2. The electronegativity of alkali metal in M2WO4 was established to affect the catalyst ability to generate adsorbed oxygen species from O2. This knowledge opens the possibility to influence product selectivity by controlling the coverage by adsorbed and lattice oxygen via reaction conditions or catalyst design.
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