Research and application of CRISPR-Cas9

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), an adaptive immune defense mechanism in bacteria, together with its associated(Cas)protein forms CRISPR-Cas system, which defenses exogenous DNA invasion. TypeⅡCRISPR-Cas, also called CRISPR-Cas9, is used in developing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of single gene disorders, virosis and tumors because of its simple structure and function of editing target DNA. In this paper, we review the mechanisms and applications of CRISPR-Cas9. Key words: CRISPR-Cas9; Gene edition; Tumor