Photodegradation of Water Pollutants

Introduction: Advanced Oxidation Processes. Mechanisms: eaq-, 102, .OH and Peroyxy Radicals. Sensitized Excitation. Semiconductor Promoted Photooxidation. Experimental Techniques. Inorganic Ions and Molecules: Water and Hydrogen Peroxide. Halide Ions. Nitrogen Compounds. Phosphorus Oxyanions. Sulfur Oxyanions and Sulfide. Heavy Metal Ions. Organo-Metallic Compounds. Hydrocarbon Derivatives: Aliphatic Compounds. Aromatic and Other Cyclic Compounds. Long-Chain Compounds. Photo-induced Nitrosation and Nitration. Halocarbons: Aliphatic Halocarbons. Aromatic and Other Cyclic Compounds. Organic Nitrogen Compounds: Triazines. Amines, Amides, and Carbamates. Nitrobenzene and Nitrophenols. Bromoxynil and Choroxynil. Thymine. Triclopyr. Fenarimol. Flavins. Catecholamines. Dyes. Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles. Organic Phosphorus Compounds: Homogenous Photolysis. Heterogenous Photodegradation. Organic Sulfur Compounds Natural and Waste Waters: Natural Transformations in Freshwater and Oceans. Treatment of Polluted Groundwater. Treatment of Waste Water. Photodynamic Sterilization. Concentrated Sunlight. Evaluation and Future Trends: Photodegradation Compared with Other Methods. Cost estimates, Energetics, and Conclusions. References Index THis TOC has 3 levels: Introduction Advanced Oxidation Processes Mechanisms: eaq-, 102, .OH and Peryoxy Radicals Sensitized Excitation Semiconductor-Promoted Photooxidation Primary Reaction Steps Kinetic Models Role of Oxygen Direct and Indirect Photodegradations Zeta Potentials and Surface Properties Catalyst Preparations Surface Density of OH Groups in TiO2 Particles Quantum Yields and Turnover Numbers Experimental Techniques Reactor Design Laser and Excimer Light Sources Light-Dark Cycling Concentrated Sunlight Photoelectrochemical Reactions Inorganic Ions and Molecules Water and Hydrogen Peroxide Halide Ions Nitrogen Compounds Phosphorus Oxyanions Sulfur Oxyanions and Sulfide Heavy Metal Ions Organo-Metallic Compounds Hydrocarbon Derivatives Aliphatic Compounds Homogenous Photolysis Heterogenous Photodegradation Aromatic and Other Cyclic Compounds Homogenous Photolysis Heterogenous Photodegradation Oil Spills Long-Chain Compounds Surfactants Lignin Sulfonates and Kraft Wastewater Phthalate Esters Polymers Photoinduced Nitrosation and Nitration Halocarbons Aliphatic Halocarbons Aromatic and Other Cyclic Halocarbons Haloaromatics Halogenophenols Polychlorinated Dioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Biphenyls Halocarbon Pesticides Organic Nitrogen Compounds s-Triazines Amines, Amides, and Carbamates Nitrobenzene and Nitrophenols Bromoxynil and Chloroxynil Thymine Triclopyr Fenarimol Flavins Catecholamines Dyes Azo Dyes Tannery Dyes Dyes in Municipal Wastewater Methyl Violet Methyl Viologen Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles Organic Phosphorus Compounds Homogenous Photolysis Heterogenous Photodegradation Organic Sulfur Compounds Natural and Waste Waters Natural Transformations in Freshwater and Oceans Treatment of Polluted Groundwater Treatment of Wastewater Photodynamic Sterilization Concentrated Sunlight Evaluation and Future Trends Photodegradation Compared with Other Methods Ozonation Biodegradation Radiolysis Ultrasonics Corona Discharge Electrochemical Oxidation Oxidation in Supercritical Water Cost Estimates, Energetics, and Conclusions Cost Estimates Energy Requirement Evaluation Future Trends References Index