[A descriptive analysis on type 2 diabetes in twins in China].

Objective: To describe the distribution characteristics of type 2 diabetes in twins in Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), provide clues and evidence for revealing the influence of genetic and environmental factors for type 2 diabetes. Methods: Of all twins registered in the CNTR during 2010-2018, a total 18 855 twin pairs aged ≥30 years with complete registration information were included in the analysis. The random effect model was used to describe the population and area distribution characteristics and concordance of type 2 diabetes in twin pairs. Results: The mean age of the subjects was (42.8±10.2) years, the study subjects included 10 339 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs and 8 516 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs. The self-reported prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes was 2.2% in total population and there was no sighificant difference between MZ and DZ. Intra-twin pairs analysis showed that the concordance rate of type 2 diabetes was 38.2% in MZ twin pairs, and 16.0% in DZ twin pairs, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The concordance rate of type 2 diabetes in MZ twin parts was higher than that in DZ twin pairs in both men and women, in different age groups and in different areas (P<0.05). Further stratified analysis showed that in northern China, only MZ twin pairs less than 60 years old were found to have a higher concordance rate of type 2 diabetes compared with DZ twin pairs (P<0.05). In southern China, the co-prevalence rate in male MZ twin pairs aged ≥60 years was still higher than that in DZ twin pairs (P<0.05). Conclusion: The twin pairs in this study had a lower self-reported prevalence of type 2 diabetes than the general population. The study results suggested that genetic factors play a role in type 2 diabetes prevalence in both men and women, in different age groups and in different areas, however, the effect might vary.目的： 描述中国双生子登记系统（CNTR）双生子的2型糖尿病分布特征，为揭示遗传和环境因素对2型糖尿病的影响提供线索和依据。 方法： CNTR 2010-2018年项目登记的所有双生子中，纳入≥30岁且有完整登记信息的18 855对双生子作为研究对象。采用随机效应模型描述2型糖尿病的人群、地区分布特征以及对内一致性的分布。 结果： 研究对象年龄（42.8±10.2）岁，同卵双生子（MZ）10 339对，异卵双生子（DZ）8 516对。全人群中2型糖尿病报告患病率为2.2%，MZ和DZ报告患病率差异无统计学意义。双生子对内分析发现2型糖尿病MZ同病率为38.2%，DZ为16.0%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001），在不同性别、年龄和地区中MZ同病率均大于DZ（P<0.05）。进一步分层分析，在北方，仅在<60岁人群中发现MZ同病率大于DZ（P<0.05）；而南方，≥60岁男性MZ同病率也大于DZ（P<0.05）。 结论： 本研究的双生子人群2型糖尿病报告患病率低于一般人群，在不同性别、年龄和地区中均提示遗传因素在2型糖尿病中起作用，但其作用大小可能不尽相同。.