钾
碳纤维
材料科学
X射线光电子能谱
石墨
傅里叶变换红外光谱
化学工程
复合材料
复合数
工程类
冶金
作者
Mengmeng Yang,Qingquan Kong,Wei Feng,Weitang Yao,Hongtao Wang
出处
期刊:Carbon energy
[Wiley]
日期:2021-12-09
卷期号:4 (1): 45-59
被引量:95
摘要
Abstract Limited lithium resources have promoted the exploration of new battery technologies. Among them, potassium‐ion batteries are considered as promising alternatives. At present, commercial graphite and other carbon‐based materials have shown good prospects as anodes for potassium‐ion batteries. However, the volume expansion and structural collapse caused by periodic K + insertion/extraction have severely restricted further development and application of potassium‐ion batteries. A hollow biomass carbon ball (NOP‐PB) ternarily doped with N, O, and P was synthesized and used as the negative electrode of a potassium‐ion battery. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that the hollow biomass carbon spheres were successfully doped with N, O, and P. Further analysis proved that N, O, and P ternary doping expands the interlayer distance of the graphite surface and introduces more defect sites. DFT calculations simultaneously proved that the K adsorption energy of the doped structure is greatly improved. The solid hollow hierarchical porous structure buffers the volume expansion of the potassium insertion process, maintains the original structure after a long cycle and promotes the transfer of potassium ions and electrons. Therefore, the NOP‐PB negative electrode shows extremely enhanced electrochemical performance, including high specific capacity, excellent long‐term stability, and good rate stability.
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