The paper studies the deep cryogenic treatment process of YT15 carbide insert by orthogonal experiment method,and analyses the effects of various cryogenic treatment process parameters on mechanical properties,and observes microstructure before and after deep cryogenic treatment by the SEM.The results show that the effect of soaking temperature on the properties of inserts is the first factor,the cooling rate and the tempering temperature are secondary and tertiary.Deep cryogenic treatment improves the multi-type martensite transformation of Co.Therefore deep cryogenic treatment increases hardness and enhances wear resistance of the carbide insert.