Partitioning of Neutral PFAS in Homes and Release to the Outdoor Environment: Results from the IPA Campaign

The distribution and fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in homes are not well understood. To address this, we measured nine neutral PFAS in dust, airborne particles, dryer lint, and on heating and air conditioning (HAC) filters in 11 homes in North Carolina as part of the Indoor PFAS Assessment (IPA) Campaign and compared them with concurrently collected gas and cloth measurements. Fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) contributed most (≥75%) to total (∑) measured neutral PFAS concentrations in dust, HAC filter, and dryer lint samples, with mean ∑(FTOH) concentrations of 207 ng/g, 549 ng/g, and 84 ng/g, respectively. In particles, perfluorooctane sulfonamidoethanols (FOSEs) dominated, with a mean ∑(FOSE) concentration of 0.28 ng/m