Butyrate metabolism in rumen epithelium affected by host and diet regime through regulating microbiota in a goat model

The rumen is an important organ that enables ruminants to digest nutrients. However, the biological mechanism by which the microbiota and its derived fatty acids regulate rumen development is still unclear. In this study, 18 female Haimen goats were selected and slaughtered at d 30, 60, and 90 of age. Multi-omics analyses (rumen microbial sequencing, host transcriptome sequencing, and rumen epithelial metabolomics) were performed to investigate host-microbe interactions from preweaning to postweaning in a goat model. With increasing age, and after the introduction of solid feed, the increased abundances of