Effect of selenium fertilization on yield, quality, and organic selenium accumulation in pak choi (Brassica rapa L.)

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different selenium (Se) fertilization methods on yield, quality, and organic Se accumulation in pak choi (Brassica rapa L.).A two-year small field experiment (2024-2025) was conducted with four treatments: control (CK), soil application (T1), foliar application (T2), and combined soil plus foliar application (T3).Results indicated that Se treatments significantly increased yield by 4.9-17.55%.Se concentration increased by 175.71-305.71% in root and by 202.81-314.08% in stem.Selenomethionine (SeMet) was the dominant organic form while selenocysteine (SeCys) also increased markedly.Crude protein, ash, and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, and Ca) were enhanced, especially under T3.Overall, the combined soil and foliar application (T3) proved most effective for improving yield, nutritional quality, and organic Se accumulation, offering a sustainable strategy for Se biofortification in leafy vegetables.