Biofilms: microbial life on surfaces.

A biofilm is a community of microorganisms encased within an exopolysaccharide matrix attached to a surface and causes serious problems for food industry. The extracellular polymeric matrix is an important structural component of biofilms. The matrix, which is composed of polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids and water, enables the biofilms to attach to the surfaces. One of the most important functions of the matrix is to protect the bacteria from various stress factors such as UV radiation, extreme pH values, osmotic pressure, dehydration and antibiotics. This study presents a review of the information about formation, structure and prevention of biofilms since they are one of the most important problems in food industry.