电解质
插层(化学)
X射线光电子能谱
离子液体
化学
氯化物
电池(电)
无机化学
离子键合
溶剂化
电化学
离子
化学工程
物理化学
电极
催化作用
有机化学
功率(物理)
工程类
物理
量子力学
作者
Chao Wang,Xianjin Li,Guiming Zhong,Caixia Meng,Shiwen Li,Guohui Zhang,Yanxiao Ning,Xianfeng Li,Qiang Fu
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jechem.2023.02.038
摘要
In-depth understanding of the electrolyte-dependent intercalation chemistry in batteries through direct operando/in situ characterizations is crucial for the development of the high-performance batteries. Herein, taking the Al/graphite battery as a model system, the effect of electrolyte coordination structure on the intercalation processes has been investigated over the batteries with either 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (HMICl)-AlCl3 or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMICl)-AlCl3 ionic liquid electrolyte using operando X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction. With a weaker anion-cation interaction in HMI-based electrolyte, the XPS-derived atomic ratio between co-intercalated N and intercalated Al is 0.9, which is lower than 1.6 for EMI-based electrolyte. Attributed to the additional de-solvation process, the batteries with the HMI-based electrolyte show a lower ionic diffusion rate, capacity, and cycling performance, which agree with the operando characterization results. Our findings highlight the critical role of the electrolyte coordination structure on the (co–)intercalation chemistry.
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