AI-feedback bioelectronics promote infectious wound healing

Complex and refractory wounds require precise intervention due to high bacterial density and infection risks. However, traditional treatments lack dynamic monitoring and systematic regulation of the microenvironment. Could a precise therapeutic intervention be developed to reduce infection risks? To solve this challenge, we integrate regenerative bioelectronics with artificial intelligence (AI) in this study, where AI functions as a feedback of repair signals, combining dual functionalities of intelligent responsiveness and wound healing promotion. In the early stages of infection, high-current (4 mA) stimulation induces liquid metal to release high doses of gallium ions for rapid broad-spectrum antimicrobial action. During the later healing stages, bioelectronics are designed to intelligently sense wound conditions and precisely control gallium ion release under low-current (0–2 mA) stimulation, thereby enhancing tissue regeneration within 14 days. Therefore, the regenerative bioelectronics achieve closed-loop wound repair, advancing wound-care solutions and pioneering a new field of intelligent healing through the integration of AI. • AI-integrated regenerative bioelectronics provide feedback for tissue repair • Smart control enables precise wound healing from antimicrobials to regeneration • This method enhances wound treatment efficiency with simpler operations • Machine-learning data proactively adjusts therapy, enabling preemptive regeneration This study combines regenerative bioelectronics with artificial intelligence (AI) to create a smart wound-treatment system with closed-loop therapy-feedback-regulation capabilities. Using adaptive modulation, it delivers gallium ions for infection control before switching to AI-regulated tissue regeneration, offering a breakthrough solution for chronic wounds. The research establishes a new bioelectronics-AI-regeneration paradigm, improving healing while cutting costs by 30%. Its automated scan-treat-monitor system reduces clinical visits from weekly to monthly. In the long term, this technology has the potential to revolutionize home-based intelligent wound-care models, and its framework can be extended to treat various complex wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers and burns—even offering new research paradigms for tissue regeneration in fields like nerves and myocardium. This demonstrates broad clinical application prospects and significant societal benefits. In summary, this study develops innovative artificial intelligence (AI)-integrated bioelectronics for complex wound management. Combining liquid-metal patches with AI feedback, the system achieves dual functionality: rapid broad-spectrum antibacterial action in early infection stages and Ga 3+ -mediated cellular regulation during later healing. This intelligent approach overcomes pus barrier challenges while significantly accelerating wound healing and tissue regeneration. The technology represents a major advancement in wound care, enabling smarter clinical strategies for infectious-wound treatment.