Blockchain Applications in Sustainable Smart Cities

Sustainable smart cities aim to optimize projected complexities, costs, and environmental challenges accompanied by growing urbanization. The fundamental objectives of sustainable smart cities are to ingeniously utilize available resources and knowledge systems to provide excellent services and the finest quality of life to its citizens. The intelligent use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) plays a vital role in realizing smart cities. The purpose of this work is to investigate the role of blockchain technology (BCT) in sustainable smart city applications by providing a detailed study of blockchain applications in the food supply chain, tourism industry, smart healthcare system, intelligent transportation system, next-generation 5G and 6G communication, and smart energy management. Moreover, a statistical study regarding selected articles shows the significance of the underlying study. Finally, a summary of recent trends, challenges, and future research directions is presented for the BCT role in sustainable smart cities.