[A case-control study of occupational noise exposure induced high-frequency hearing loss and the risk of hypertension].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between high frequency hearing loss caused by occupational noise and the risk of hypertension. Methods: In March 2020, a case-control study was conducted. All noise exposed workers who participated in occupational health examination in Wuxi City in 2019 were selected as the study subjects (95432 cases in total) . The hypertension group was defined as the case group, and the normotensive group was defined as the control group. According to the hearing threshold, they were divided into the non high frequency hearing loss group (<40 dB) and the high frequency hearing loss group (≥ 40 dB) . Univariate statistical method and binary logistic regression were used to evaluate the relationship between high-frequency hearing loss and hypertension risk. Stratified analysis was used to compare the risk of hypertension among workers with high-frequency hearing loss of different ages and length of service. Results: There were significant differences in gender, age, length of service, enterprise scale, economic type and high-frequency hearing loss between control group and hypertension group (P<0.05) . Binary logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, age, length of service, enterprise scale and economic type, the risk of hypertension in the high-frequency hearing loss group was still increased (OR=1.062, 95%CI: 1.007~1.121, P=0.027) . The risk of hypertension in high-frequency hearing loss patients was higher than that in non high-frequency hearing loss patients in 20-39 years old and 40-59 years old age groups (OR=1.536, 95%CI: 1.353~1.743; OR=1.179, 95%CI: 1.111~1.250; P<0.05) . The risk of hypertension in high-frequency hearing loss patients in <5years, 5-9years, 10-14 years, 15-19 years and ≥20 years working age groups were higher than that in non high-frequency hearing loss groups (OR=1.926, 95%CI=1.007-1.121; OR=1.635, 95%CI=1.478-1.810; OR=1.312, 95%CI=1.167-1.474; OR=1.445, 95%CI=1.238-1.686; OR=1.235, 95%CI=1.043-1.463; P<0.05) . Conclusion: There is a certain relationship between high-frequency hearing loss caused by occupational noise and the risk of hypertension, and the risk of hypertension is different among high-frequency hearing loss patients of different ages and working years.目的： 探讨职业性噪声所致高频听力损失与高血压发生风险之间的关系。 方法： 于2020年3月，采用病例对照研究，选择无锡市2019年所有参加职业健康体检的噪声作业工人作为研究对象（共95 432人），出现高血压为病例组，血压正常者作定义为对照组，根据听力阈值分为非高频听力损失组（<40 dB）和高频听力损失组（≥40 dB）。用单因素统计方法和二元logistic回归评估高频听力损失与高血压患病风险之间的关系。用分层分析比较不同年龄与工龄的高频听力损失工人患高血压病的风险。 结果： 对照组和高血压组工人性别、年龄、工龄、企业规模、经济类型、高频听力损失差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。二元logistic回归分析显示，在调整了性别、年龄、工龄、企业规模、经济类型后，高频听力损失组高血压患病的风险仍增加（OR=1.062，95%CI=1.007~1.121，P=0.027）。20~39岁与40~59岁年龄组高频听力损失者高血压患病风险高于非高频听力损失者（OR=1.536，95%CI=1.353~1.743；OR=1.179，95%CI=1.111~1.1250，P<0.05）；<5年、5~9年、10~14年、15~19年和≥20年工龄组高频听力损失者高血压患病风险高于非高频听力损失者（OR=1.926，95%CI=1.007~1.121；OR=1.635，95%CI=1.478~1.810；OR=1.312，95% CI=1.167~1.474；OR=1.445，95% CI=1.238~1.686；OR=1.235，95% CI=1.043~1.463，P<0.05）。 结论： 职业性噪声引起的高频听力损失与高血压患病风险有一定的关系，且不同年龄与工龄高频听力损失者高血压患病风险不同。.