机械转化
机械敏感通道
细胞生物学
整合素
细胞外基质
生物
焦点粘着
肌动蛋白
肌球蛋白
细胞粘附
肌动蛋白细胞骨架
机械生物学
细胞骨架
信号转导
细胞
离子通道
生物化学
受体
作者
Zhiqi Sun,Songfeng Guo,Reinhard Fässler
标识
DOI:10.1083/jcb.201609037
摘要
Cells can detect and react to the biophysical properties of the extracellular environment through integrin-based adhesion sites and adapt to the extracellular milieu in a process called mechanotransduction. At these adhesion sites, integrins connect the extracellular matrix (ECM) with the F-actin cytoskeleton and transduce mechanical forces generated by the actin retrograde flow and myosin II to the ECM through mechanosensitive focal adhesion proteins that are collectively termed the “molecular clutch.” The transmission of forces across integrin-based adhesions establishes a mechanical reciprocity between the viscoelasticity of the ECM and the cellular tension. During mechanotransduction, force allosterically alters the functions of mechanosensitive proteins within adhesions to elicit biochemical signals that regulate both rapid responses in cellular mechanics and long-term changes in gene expression. Integrin-mediated mechanotransduction plays important roles in development and tissue homeostasis, and its dysregulation is often associated with diseases.
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