心理学
内群和外群
恐惧条件反射
外群
社会心理学
刺激(心理学)
发展心理学
经典条件反射
社交暗示
种族(生物学)
厌恶性刺激
条件作用
认知心理学
扁桃形结构
神经科学
植物
生物
统计
数学
作者
Andreas Olsson,Jeffrey P. Ebert,Mahzarin R. Banaji,Elizabeth A. Phelps
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2005-07-29
卷期号:309 (5735): 785-787
被引量:289
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.1113551
摘要
Classical fear conditioning investigates how animals learn to associate environmental stimuli with an aversive event. We examined how the mechanisms of fear conditioning apply when humans learn to associate social ingroup and outgroup members with a fearful event, with the goal of advancing our understanding of basic learning theory and social group interaction. Primates more readily associate stimuli from certain fear-relevant natural categories, such as snakes, with a negative outcome relative to stimuli from fear-irrelevant categories, such as birds. We assessed whether this bias in fear conditioning extends to social groups defined by race. Our results indicate that individuals from a racial group other than one's own are more readily associated with an aversive stimulus than individuals of one's own race, among both white and black Americans. This prepared fear response might be reduced by close, positive interracial contact.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI