Objective:To explore the expression of BDNF and trkB in rat prefrontal cortex during adolescent.Methods Postnatal 15day,35day,75day rat(very group six)were sacrificed for this experiment(postnatal 35 day rat as adolescent rat),The expression of BDNF and trkB in prefrontal cortex were detected by ABC immunohistochemical method and image analysis system. Results In prefrontal cortex the BDNF and trkB immunoreactive product of postnatal 35 day rat was most highly than other groups and the mean optical density of BDNF and trkB immunoreactive positive product was also significant highly than other groups(p0.05).Conclusion The expression of BDNF and trkB in adolescent rat prefrontal was most highly,it suggest that in this term the requirement of BDNF in prefrontal cortex was most than other term.