Objective To investigate the effects of collagen degradation in hypertrophic scar by intradermal injection of 5-fludrouracil.Methods Upon the foundation of hypertrophic scar in rabbit ears,the total content of collagen was tested using hydroxyproline digestion method at different time.Light and electron microscopic were used to observe the morphological and histological changes in hypertrophic scar.Results Collagen degradation in hypertrophic scar by intradermal injection of 5-fludrouracil was observed.The proliferation of fibroblast was weaken.Conclusion 5-Fludrouracil can degrade the total content of collagen of hypertrophic scar and inhibit the proliferation of fibroblast.These results suggested that 5-fludrouracil may has therapeutical effect on hypertrophic scar.