Recent Advances in Osteoporosis Therapeutics

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a chronic progressive disease related to estrogen deficiency at menopause, aging, and superimposed genetic and environmental factors. Many patients with osteoporosis are not diagnosed, and the majority are not treated. Current therapies for osteoporosis include antiresorptive treatments, including bisphosphonates, denosumab, and raloxifene, and osteoanabolic treatments, including teriparatide, abaloparatide, and romosozumab, which is a dual-action agent. Sequential therapies aim to optimize fracture prevention and bone density outcomes for long-term management. Recent guidelines have suggested categorical risk stratification and a goal-directed individualized therapy strategy. New treatments under investigation also hold promise for further improving bone health in postmenopausal osteoporosis.