Two-dimensional antibacterial materials

Diseases caused by pathogens continue to threaten the health of people around the world, especially with the emergence of drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new strategies that can replace antibiotic therapy. Novel nanomaterials represented by two-dimensional nanomaterials (2DNMs) have great application prospects in the field of antibacterial due to their tunable band gaps, special crystal structures, and limitations on carrier migration and thermal diffusion. In this review, several representative 2DNMs such as graphene, graphitized carbonitride and transition-metal dichalcogenides are reviewed and summarized including their research basis, progress, and prospects in the field of antibacterial. It starts with the introduction of the material, focusing on summarizing its inherent antibacterial properties and light-induced antibacterial properties. Specific strategies to optimize the antibacterial properties of 2DNMs are discussed. Finally, the challenges facing current antimicrobial 2DNMs are discussed and future prospects for the field are proposed based on the combination of photocatalysis and other germicidal technologies.