Optimal Design of Cylindrical Coils with a High Uniformity Magnetic Field

In order to meet the requirement of high uniformity magnetic field in atomic magnetometer and magnetocardiography system, an optimal design method of cylindrical coils with a high uniformity magnetic field is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the expression of the magnetic field generated by the cylindrical coils at any point is derived. Then, taking the absolute value of magnetic field error in the target area as the objective function, combined with the wolf pack algorithm, the loop position and current of the coils are directly adjusted, which avoids the problem of solving complex equations by the traditional Taylor expansion method. Finally, the high uniformity of the designed coil is verified by simulation. The results show that in the target area, compared with the LeeWhiting coil, the uniformity of the designed coil is increased by an order of magnitude, and the area of the magnetic field error less than 1× 1$0^{-5}$ is increased by 4.9 times.