Endoscopic Re‐Instrumentation of Intrabony Defect–Associated Deep Residual Periodontal Pockets Is Non‐Inferior to Papilla Preservation Flap Surgery: A Randomized Trial

Clinical practice guidelines suggest access flap surgery for managing deep residual pockets after steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy. Papilla-preservation flap surgery (PPFS) is the least invasive approach to access and instrument biofilm-contaminated root surfaces. Endoscopic-assisted subgingival debridement (EASD) may enhance the outcomes of repeated instrumentation and provide a minimally invasive non-surgical alternative.