Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Azacitidine Plus Venetoclax Versus Intensive Chemotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis

There is limited data comparing Azacitidine plus Venetoclax (HMA&Ven) versus traditional intensive chemotherapy with Cytarabine plus Anthracycline (IC) in older patients. We conducted a propensity score-matched cohort study using the TriNetX database to compare the mortality and safety outcomes in this patient population. The analysis resulted in 370 patients in each group. Compared to IC, HMA&Ven had a similar rate of all-cause mortality in 1 year follow-up (HR: 1.16 [95% CI: 0.93-1.44], p-value = 0.186). However, HMA&Ven had fewer neutropenia (HR: 0.72 [95% CI: 0.60-0.87], p-value < 0.001) and sepsis (HR: 0.72 [95% CI: 0.56-0.92], p-value = 0.009). These data suggest that these patients receiving HMA&Ven have fewer adverse events without a difference in survival compared to IC.