Efficient Thermo-Optic Switching and Modulating in Nonlocal Metasurfaces

from a 532 nm continuous-wave pump laser, the QGM resonance around 1550 nm experiences a pronounced spectral shift, with modulation depth exceeding 55%. This is attributed to the thermo-optic response caused by photothermal heating of the metasurface triggered by the absorption of the pump laser in silicon, which is further verified by the electrical heating approach. Our reported results showcase a simple yet effective way of tailoring light propagation in nonlocal metasurfaces.