神经科学
麻醉剂
离子通道
背景(考古学)
全身麻醉药
动作(物理)
谷氨酸受体
神经递质
受体
医学
生物
中枢神经系统
麻醉
物理
古生物学
量子力学
内科学
作者
Hugh C. Hemmings,Myles H. Akabas,Peter A. Goldstein,James R. Trudell,Beverley A. Orser,Neil L. Harrison
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2005.08.006
摘要
General anesthetics are essential to modern medicine, and yet a detailed understanding of their mechanisms of action is lacking. General anesthetics were once believed to be "drugs without receptors" but this view has been largely abandoned. During the past decade significant progress in our understanding of the mechanisms of general anesthetic action at the molecular, cellular and neural systems levels has been made. Different molecular targets in various regions of the nervous system are involved in the multiple components of anesthetic action, and these targets can vary between specific anesthetics. Neurotransmitter-gated ion channels, particularly receptors for GABA and glutamate, are modulated by most anesthetics, at both synaptic and extrasynaptic sites, and additional ion channels and receptors are also being recognized as important targets for general anesthetics. In this article, these developments, which have important implications for the development of more-selective anesthetics, are reviewed in the context of recent advances in ion channel structure and function.
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