Self-adhesive, stretchable, and conductive hydrogel for self-powered flexible electronics

Flexible and stretchable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been rapidly developed and show promising applications in self-powered wearable electronics. However, addressing the mismatch between the electrode layer and the triboelectric layer under external deformation remains a major challenge. To enhance the compatibility between these layers without compromising flexibility, conductivity, or sensing performance, we fabricated a double-network interpenetrating hydrogel based on poly (vinyl alcohol) and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) as the TENG electrode. Owing to its self-adhesive property and conductivity, the assembled flexible and wearable TENG (PP-TENG) functions as a self-powered sensor capable of detecting human body motions and distinguishing between different shapes with high sensitivity. This work provides a feasible strategy for developing high-performance flexible electronics.