Theranostics targeting fibroblast activation protein in the pan‐cancer field

Abstract Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), a membrane‐bound glycoprotein overexpressed in cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), is a promising target for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in oncology. Its elevated expression correlates with tumor progression and metastasis, with minimal presence in normal tissues. Recent advancements in FAP‐targeted theranostics have focused on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), fluorescence imaging, and targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). FAP‐targeted PET/CT (using FAPI) shows superior sensitivity and specificity over conventional FDG PET/CT, while TRT demonstrates promising clinical efficacy. This review highlights the translational potential of FAP‐based theranostics in solid tumor management and proposes an integrated framework for clinical applications.