[Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Motuo County, Tibet Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2021].

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Motuo County from 2012 to 2021 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of PTB. A total of 223 cases of PTB were reported from 2012 to 2021 in Motuo County, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 171.39/100 000. Joinpoint regression model analysis showed that the average decline rate was 9.2% (P<0.001) from 2012 to 2021. Among the various types of PTB patients reported from 2012 to 2021, there were 69 cases of etiologic-positive cases which increased from 28.57% to 52.63%. Results from the circular distribution methods showed that there was no obvious peak time of PTB in Motuo County. There was no statistical difference in the average annual incidence of PTB between different genders (χ2=0.108, P=0.743). Among all age groups, the 20-29 years group had the highest proportion (26.91%, 60/223). The Monpa ethnic group (153 cases, 68.61%) had the largest number of cases, followed by the Lhoba people (44 cases, 19.73%) and the Tibetan (22 cases, 9.87%). Farmers (168 cases, 75.34%) had the highest occupational composition ratio, followed by students (40 cases, 17.94%). The main detection methods of PTB were clinical consultation and transferring consultation. Overall, the incidence rate of PTB decreased from 2012 to 2021. The majority of PTB patients were young adults with high transmission risk. It is necessary to pay more attention to the key populations and strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control for reducing the risk of PTB.分析2012—2021年西藏自治区墨脱县肺结核的流行特征。2012—2021年，墨脱县累计报告肺结核病例223例，年平均发病率为 171.39/10万。Joinpoint回归分析显示，2012—2021年墨脱县肺结核报告发病率总体呈现下降趋势，年均下降幅度为9.2%（P<0.001）。2012—2021年报告的各类肺结核患者中，病原学阳性者累计报告69例，占比从28.57%升高至52.63%。圆形分布法分析显示，墨脱县无明显发病高峰时间。不同性别肺结核年平均报告发病率差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.108，P=0.743）。年龄分布上20~29岁组较高（26.91%，60/223）。民族构成比中门巴族（153例，68.61%）、珞巴族（44例，19.73%）、藏族（22例，9.87%）较高。职业分布中构成比最高为农民（168例，75.34%），其次为学生（40例，17.94%）。肺结核的主要发现方式为因症就诊和因症转诊，占总病例数的92.83%。整体而言，2012—2021年墨脱县肺结核疫情呈下降趋势，肺结核病例以青壮年为主，其传播风险高，应强化主动发现策略。.