[Research progress on corneal organoids].

Corneal organoids are cornea-like tissue structures that are developed from induced pluripotent stem cells or embryonic stem cells in vitro. They have similar anatomical characteristics and gene expression profiles to the human cornea. Although the culture of corneal organoids is difficult, expensive, and time-consuming, they can be tailored to reconstruct the physiological environment and the interaction between corneal cells in each layer, which suggests broad application prospects. In this article, we review the latest research progress and summarize the application of corneal organoids in the research of corneal development mechanisms, keratopathy pathogenesis, donor corneal transplantation, and corneal organoids-on-a-chip, in order to provide reference for further clinical corneal research concerning keratopathy models, drug screening, and personalized medicine.角膜类器官是利用诱导多能干细胞或胚胎干细胞体外培养得到的类角膜组织结构，与人体角膜具有相似的解剖学特征和基因表达谱。虽然角膜类器官存在培养难度大、成本高、耗时长等问题，但由于其能更真实再现角膜的生理环境以及各层细胞间的相互作用关系，具有广阔的应用前景。本文汇总国内外最新研究进展，总结角膜类器官在角膜发育及角膜病发生机制、角膜移植供体和角膜类器官芯片等研究方向中的应用，以期为临床进一步开展持续研究提供参考，使角膜类器官可更广泛应用于疾病模型、药物筛选、个性化医疗等更多角膜病医疗领域。.