铜绿假单胞菌
无症状的
菌尿
导管
菌血症
泌尿系统
慢性感染
殖民地化
毒力
炎症体
医学
感染控制
微生物学
重症监护医学
生物
内科学
免疫学
细菌
炎症
基因
外科
抗生素
遗传学
免疫系统
作者
Solomon A Mekonnen,Nour El Husseini,Asan Turdiev,Jared A Carter,Ashton Trey Belew,Najib M. El-Sayed,Vincent T. Lee
标识
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2209383119
摘要
Healthcare-associated infections are major causes of complications that lead to extended hospital stays and significant medical costs. The use of medical devices, including catheters, increases the risk of bacterial colonization and infection through the presence of a foreign surface. Two outcomes are observed for catheterized patients: catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). However, the relationship between these two events remains unclear. To understand this relationship, we studied a murine model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa CAUTI. In this model, we also observe two outcomes in infected animals: acute symptoms that is associated with CAUTI and chronic colonization that is associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria. The timing of the acute outcome takes place in the first week of infection, whereas chronic colonization occurs in the second week of infection. We further showed that mutants lacking genes encoding type III secretion system (T3SS), T3SS effector proteins, T3SS injection pore, or T3SS transcriptional activation all fail to cause acute symptoms of CAUTI. Nonetheless, all mutants defective for T3SS colonized the catheter and bladders at levels similar to the parental strain. In contrast, through induction of the T3SS master regulator ExsA, all infected animals showed acute phenotypes with bacteremia. Our results demonstrated that the acute symptoms, which are analogous to CAUTI, and chronic colonization, which is analogous to asymptomatic bacteriuria, are independent events that require distinct bacterial virulence factors. Experimental delineation of asymptomatic bacteriuria and CAUTI informs different strategies for the treatment and intervention of device-associated infections.
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