[Analysis on the sequence mutation and evolution of HBV genome in China].

Objective: To understand immune escape mutation, drug resistance mutation, and genome evolution information of HBV genome sequence in China. Methods: The whole genome sequence information of HBV in China submitted in GenBank from 1998 to 2021 was selected as the object for analysis. MAFFT method was used for cluster analysis. Analysis of immune escape and drug-resistant mutations was performed using the online tool Gen2pheno. The BEAST 1.10.4 was used for analysis the time evolution of HBV sequences. Results: A total of 5 426 sequences were included in the dataset and distributed in 19 provinces of China. Type C accounted for the highest proportion (59.1%, 3 211/5 426), followed by type B (33.7%, 1 833/5 426). Immune escape mutations were found in 764 sequences (14.1%, 764/5 426). At least one reverse transcriptase region mutation occurred in 98.1% of the sequences. The evolutionary roots of most HBV sequences in China date from around 1801 AD. Conclusion: HBV-resistant mutation rate is high in China. HBV genomes evolve slowly.目的： 了解中国乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus，HBV）基因组序列的免疫逃逸突变、耐药突变和基因组进化信息。 方法： 选取1998-2021年在GenBank中的中国HBV全基因组序列信息作为分析对象，采用MAFFT软件进行聚类分析，使用在线工具Gen2pheno进行免疫逃逸突变和耐药突变分析，使用BEAST 1.10.4做序列的时间进化分析。 结果： 5 426条序列纳入分析集，分布于我国19个省份，C型占比最高（59.1%，3 211/5 426）。其次为B型（33.7%，1 833/5 426）。有764条（14.1%，764/5 426）序列发生了免疫逃逸突变，98.1%的序列至少发生了1处反转录酶编码区域突变。中国大部分系列的进化根在公元1801年左右。 结论： 中国HBV耐药突变率较高，HBV基因组进化缓慢。.