Effect of Subcutaneous Tirzepatide vs Placebo Added to Titrated Insulin Glargine on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

医学 糖化血红素 甘精胰岛素 内科学 血糖性 临床终点 二甲双胍 糖尿病 胰岛素 2型糖尿病 安慰剂 内分泌学 胃肠病学 随机对照试验 病理 替代医学
作者
Dominik Dahl,Yukiko Onishi,Paul Norwood,Ruth Huh,Ross Bray,Hiren Patel,Ángel Rodríguez
出处
期刊:JAMA [American Medical Association]
卷期号:327 (6): 534-534 被引量:361
标识
DOI:10.1001/jama.2022.0078
摘要

Importance

The effects of tirzepatide, a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, as an addition to insulin glargine for treatment of type 2 diabetes have not been described.

Objective

To assess the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide added to insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes with inadequate glycemic control.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Randomized phase 3 clinical trial conducted at 45 medical research centers and hospitals in 8 countries (enrollment from August 30, 2019, to March 20, 2020; follow-up completed January 13, 2021) in 475 adults with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control while treated with once-daily insulin glargine with or without metformin.

Interventions

Patients were randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to receive once-weekly subcutaneous injections of 5-mg (n = 116), 10-mg (n = 119), or 15-mg (n = 120) tirzepatide or volume-matched placebo (n = 120) over 40 weeks. Tirzepatide was initiated at 2.5 mg/week and escalated by 2.5 mg every 4 weeks until the assigned dose was achieved.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary end point was mean change from baseline in glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) at week 40. The 5 key secondary end points included mean change in body weight and percentage of patients achieving prespecified HbA1clevels.

Results

Among 475 randomized participants (211 [44%] women; mean [SD] age, 60.6 [9.9] years; mean [SD] HbA1c, 8.31% [0.85%]), 451 (94.9%) completed the trial. Treatment was prematurely discontinued by 10% of participants in the 5-mg tirzepatide group, 12% in the 10-mg tirzepatide group, 18% in the 15-mg tirzepatide group, and 3% in the placebo group. At week 40, mean HbA1cchange from baseline was −2.40% with 10-mg tirzepatide and −2.34% with 15-mg tirzepatide vs −0.86% with placebo (10 mg: difference vs placebo, −1.53% [97.5% CI, −1.80% to −1.27%]; 15 mg: difference vs placebo, −1.47% [97.5% CI, −1.75% to −1.20%];P < .001 for both). Mean HbA1cchange from baseline was −2.11% with 5-mg tirzepatide (difference vs placebo, −1.24% [95% CI, −1.48% to −1.01%];P < .001]). Mean body weight change from baseline was −5.4 kg with 5-mg tirzepatide, −7.5 kg with 10-mg tirzepatide, −8.8 kg with 15-mg tirzepatide and 1.6 kg with placebo (5 mg: difference, −7.1 kg [95% CI, −8.7 to −5.4]; 10 mg: difference, −9.1 kg [95% CI, −10.7 to −7.5]; 15 mg: difference, −10.5 kg [95% CI, −12.1 to −8.8];P < .001 for all). Higher percentages of patients treated with tirzepatide vs those treated with placebo had HbA1cless than 7% (85%-90% vs 34%;P < .001 for all). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events in the tirzepatide groups vs placebo group were diarrhea (12%-21% vs 10%) and nausea (13%-18% vs 3%).

Conclusions and Relevance

Among patients with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control despite treatment with insulin glargine, the addition of subcutaneous tirzepatide, compared with placebo, to titrated insulin glargine resulted in statistically significant improvements in glycemic control after 40 weeks.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT04039503
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