High-Resolution Ultrasound and Speckle Tracking: a non-invasive approach to assess in vivo gastrointestinal motility during development

运动性 胃肠道 生物 斑点图案 肠神经系统 体内 胎儿 神经科学 解剖 细胞生物学 计算机科学 怀孕 遗传学 生物化学 人工智能
作者
Pierre Sicard,Amandine Falco,Sandrine Faure,Jérôme Thireau,Stéphanie E. Lindsey,Norbert Chauvet,Pascal de Santa Barbara
标识
DOI:10.1101/2022.02.01.478689
摘要

ABSTRACT Gastrointestinal motor activity has been extensively studied in adults, conversely only few studies have investigated fetal motor skills. When the gastrointestinal tract starts to contract during the embryonic period and how this function evolves during development are not known. Here, we adapted a non-invasive high-resolution echography technique combined with speckle tracking analysis to examine the gastrointestinal tract motor activity dynamics during chick embryo development. We provided the first recordings of fetal gastrointestinal motility in living embryos. We found that although gastrointestinal contractions appear very early during development, they become synchronized only at the end of the fetal period. To validate this approach, we used various pharmacological inhibitors and BAPX1 gene overexpression in vivo . We found that the enteric nervous system determinates the onset of the synchronized contractions in the stomach. Moreover, alteration of smooth muscle fiber organization led to an impairment of this functional activity. Altogether, our findings show that non-invasive high-resolution echography and speckle tracking analysis allow visualizing and quantifying gastrointestinal motility during development and highlight the progressive acquisition of functional and coordinated gastrointestinal motility before birth.

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