Nd L-shell x-ray emission induced by light ions

The L -shell x-ray of Nd has been obtained for 300–600 keV He 2+ ions impacting, and compared with that produced by H + and H 2 + ions. The threshold of projectile kinetic energy for L -shell ionization of Nd is crudely verified in the energy region of about 300–400 keV. It is found that the energy of the distinct L -subshell x-rays has a blue shift. The relative intensity ratios of Lβ 1, 3, 4 and Lβ 2, 15 to Lα 1, 2 x-ray are enlarged compared to the atomic data, and they decrease with the increase of the incident energy, and increase with increasing the effective nuclear charge of the incident ions. That is interpreted by the multiple ionization of outer-shells induced by light ions.